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Early Crane Evolution

The very first recorded idea or version of a crane was used by the early Egyptians over 4000 years ago. This device was known as a shaduf and was utilized to transport water. The crane was made out of a long pivoting beam which balanced on a vertical support. On one end a bucket was connected and on the other end of the beam, a heavy weight was attached.



Cranes which were built in the first century were powered by humans or by animals that were moving on a treadmill or a wheel. The crane consisted of a long wooden beam which was referred to as a boom. The boom was connected to a base which rotates. The treadmill or the wheel was a power-driven operation which had a drum with a rope which wrapped around it. This rope additionally had a hook which carried the weight and was attached to a pulley at the top of the boom.



Within Europe, the enormous cathedrals established during the Middle Ages were build using cranes. Cranes were also designed to load and unload ships in key ports. Eventually, major crane design developments evolved. For instance, a horizontal boom was added to and was referred to as the jib. This boom addition allowed cranes to have the ability to pivot, therefore really increasing the equipment's range of motion. After the 16th century, cranes had incorporated two treadmills on each side of a rotating housing which held the boom.



Even until the mid-19th century, cranes continued to rely on animals and humans for power. When steam engines were developed, this all quickly changed. At the turn of the century, Internal combustion or IC engines and electric motors emerged. Cranes also became designed out of cast iron and steel as opposed to wood. The new designs proved longer lasting and more efficient. They can obviously run longer also with their new power sources and hence complete bigger jobs in less time.

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